Search results for "Control group"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
Impact of a Social Constructivist Instructional Strategy on Performance in Algebra with a Focus on Secondary School Students
2020
There have been perennial concerns on the low academic performance of students among researchers and other education stakeholders. Innovative teaching strategies have, therefore, gained prominence in the field of mathematics education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a social constructivist instructional strategy on students’ performance in algebra. The present study is quasi-experimental, and its type is a posttest control group involving 154 secondary school students that are randomly selected across four intact classes. The random selection of students to treatment and control controls is assumed to improve the validity of the results. Two research questions are…
Detection and distraction effects for threatening information in social phobia and change after treatment.
2007
This work examines differences in the detection and distraction by social-threatrelated information between a social phobia group (SP; N533) and a normal control group (NC; N532). The change obtained after psychological treatment is also studied for the SP group. A paper-and-pencil visual search task is used, in which the emotional valence of the ‘‘target’’ (social threat, physical threat, and neutral words) and ‘‘distractor’’ (social threat, physical threat, neutral, and nonsense words) verbal stimuli is manipulated. Results indicate that there are no differences in the detection of social-threat targets between SP and NC participants. However, the performance of SP individuals is more imp…
Effectiveness of peer support on health-related quality of life in recently diagnosed breast cancer patients : a randomized controlled trial
2019
Purpose: Breast cancer is the most common cancer of Finnish women. Peer support could be a way to help breast cancer patients to deal with the disease but studies on its effectiveness have produced conflicting results. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to study the effectiveness of peer support on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients with recently diagnosed breast cancer at the Helsinki University Hospital were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 130) or control (n = 130) groups. The intervention group patients received peer support via telephone one to five times according to their preference. The control group received usual…
Evidence-based medicine and the problem of healthy volunteers
2017
Abstract Healthy controls are subjects without the disease being studied but may have other conditions indirectly affecting outcome. In the present epidemics of obesity a few subjects with undiagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease enter clinical studies as controls, producing biased results. Stricter selection criteria should be considered to prevent this risk.
Organizational and activational effects of testosterone in two populations with high androgenization susceptibility = Efectos organizadores y activad…
2013
Los esteroides sexuales como la testosterona (T) producen una organización y/o modificaciones relativamente permanentes de la estructura y función del sistema nervioso central. Una alta exposición prenatal a la T podría estar relacionada con una mayor sensibilidad a los efectos activadores de dicha hormona durante la edad adulta. Por otra parte, las fluctuaciones en los niveles endógenos de T pueden modificar transitoriamente las capacidades socio-cognitivas. Así, la conducta y los procesos cognitivos podrían ser el resultado de la interacción entre los efectos hormonales organizadores y activadores. La T podría ser considerada como un predictor de rasgos masculinizados tales como los rasgo…
Effects of a Personal Goal Management Program on School and Football Self-Determination Motivation and Satisfaction of Newcomers within a Football Tr…
2008
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a personal goal-based intervention on school and football self-determination motivation and satisfaction of newcomers within football training centres. Twenty-three trainees were divided randomly into two groups, either a treatment group or a control group. The treatment proposed to the participants was the Personal Goal Management Program. Trainees’ school and football motivation and satisfaction were measured before, during and after the intervention. Results indicated a beneficial influence on football motivation and satisfaction, and overall trainee satisfaction. Methodological and applied suggestions are made to favour adjus…
Reminiscence and dementia: a therapeutic intervention.
2015
ABSTRACTBackground:Dementia is a significant public health problem. One non-pharmacological therapy that has shown its effectiveness is reminiscence, which is a psychological intervention designed to address issues of particular relevance to older adults. The aim of this study was to examine the benefits of an integrative reminiscence program in elderly people with dementia.Methods:A quasi-experimental design and purposeful sampling were conducted at two retirement homes. Forty-two elderly adults with dementia were studied to measure the effect of the therapy (23 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group). The treatment group activity was held in 10 sessions.Results:The treatmen…
A new methodology based on functional principal component analysis tostudy postural stability post-stroke
2018
[EN] Background. A major goal in stroke rehabilitation is the establishment of more effective physical therapy techniques to recover postural stability. Functional Principal Component Analysis provides greater insight into recovery trends. However, when missing values exist, obtaining functional data presents some difficulties. The purpose of this study was to reveal an alternative technique for obtaining the Functional Principal Components without requiring the conversion to functional data beforehand and to investigate this methodology to determine the effect of specific physical therapy techniques in balance recovery trends in elderly subjects with hemiplegia post-stroke. Methods: A rand…
A Time-Lagged, Actor–Partner Interdependence Analysis of Alliance to the Group as a Whole and Group Member Outcome in Overweight and Obesity Treatmen…
2014
A time-lagged design was used to examine how the perceptions of alliance to the group as a whole by the other group members at an earlier point in the group were related to an individual group member’s perceptions of alliance to the group as a whole at a later point in the group. We also examined how treatment outcome moderated this relationship. Seventy-three patients diagnosed as overweight or obese participating in 10 short-term therapy groups provided data for analyses. Group members completed measures of cohesion to the group and alliance to the group as a whole at the third, sixth, and last session of 12-session groups as well as pre- and posttest ratings on Obesity-Related Well-Being…
The Quality of Prenatal Period Nursing Care from the Perspective of Pregnant Women
2014
Introducción: la calidad de la atención a la embarazada exige acogimiento, escucha, envolvimiento y compromiso, además de la resolución de problemas o disponibilidad de recursos tecnológicos e infraestructura. Objetivo: describir la visión de las embarazadas acerca de la calidad de la asistencia de enfermería en el periodo prenatal e identificar las expectativas y necesidades de las mujeres en esa perspectiva. Materiales y métodos: investigación cualitativa, exploratoria, realizada en el Hospital de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Participaron veinte embarazadas. Se utilizó la entrevista abierta e individual; el referencial metodológico fue el análisis del contenido de Bardin. La investigación fue …